Social History of the Welsh Language : Evidence of the 1891 Census; Project 2

UKDA study number:3821

Principal Investigators

Williams, M.
Parry, G.
University of Wales. Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies

Sponsor

Economic and Social Research Council

Distributed by

UK Data Archive, University of Essex, Colchester.

January 1999

Bibliographic Citation

All works which use or refer to these materials should acknowledge these sources by means of bibliographic citation. To ensure that such source attributions are captured for bibliographic indexes, citations must appear in footnotes or in the reference section of publications. The bibliographic citation for this data collection is:

Williams, M. and Parry, G., Social History of the Welsh Language : Evidence of the 1891 Census; Project 2 [computer file]. Colchester, Essex: UK Data Archive [distributor], January 1999. SN: 3821, http://dx.doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-3821-1

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Copyright:
Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies, National Library of Wales, University of Wales

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3821 . Social History of the Welsh Language : Evidence of the 1891 Census; Project 2

Depositor:

Jenkins, G. , University of Wales. Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies

Principal Investigators:

Williams, M. , University of Wales. Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies

Parry, G. , University of Wales. Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies

Sponsor:

Economic and Social Research Council
Grant Number: R00023603901

Other Acknowledgements:

G.H. Jenkins and H. Carter were the ESRC award holders.

Abstract:

The aims of the project were as follows :
to collect and process information from the data relating to the Welsh language in the 1891 Census Enumerators' Returns in 20 selected communities in Wales;
to create computer-readable data files on the language ability of around 90,000 individuals, i.e. five per cent of the population;
to undertake a quantitative analysis of the socio-economic structure of Welsh/English language ability on the basis of the above data;
to develop a classification of occupations in order to explore links between economic activity and the process of language change;
to write a volume on the basis of the above in order to deepen our socio-cultural understanding of a society in which nearly a million people spoke Welsh and over half a million were monoglot Welsh.

Main Topics:

The dataset contains 35 files, each of which consists of a 100 per cent sample of the enumeration district in twenty communities selected from the 178 sub-registration districts in Wales, i.e. 90,000 individuals or five per cent of the total population of wales in 1891. Two specific datafiles were created for each district.
Variables in the first file identify : the individual person, enumeration district, schedule number, first name, surname, relation to head of household, marital status, gender, age, occupation, employment status, occupation code, country/county of birth, birthplace and language spoken.
Variables in the second file identify : the enumeration district, schedule number, whether a Welsh-language schedule was used, number of persons in the household, number of rooms and address.

Coverage:

Time Period Covered: 5 April 1891; 5 April 1891 was the date of the 1891 Census.
Dates of Fieldwork: November 1995 - August 1996
Country: Wales
Geography: Aberystwyth; Blaenau; Blaenau Ffestiniog; Blaenllechau; Builth Wells; Cardiff; Cwm Clydach; Cwmaman; Dowlais; Ferndale; Fishguard; Llanidloes; Llanymawddwy; Llwynypia; Pontardawe; Porthmadog; Rhosllannerchrugog; Rhyl; Trefdraeth; Tregaron; Anglesey; Breconshire; Caernarfonshire; Cardiganshire; Carmarthenshire; Denbighshire; Flintshire; Glamorganshire; Merionethshire; Monmouthshire; Montgomeryshire; Pembrokeshire
Spatial Units: Enumeration Districts
Observation Units: Individuals
Kind of Data: Textual data; Alpha/numeric data; Individual (micro) level

Universe Sampled:

Location of Units of Observation: National
Population: All persons residing in Blaenau, Cardiff, Blaenllechau, Ferndale, Cwm Clydach, Llwynypia, Dowlais, Pontardawe, Cwmaman, Fishguard, Aberystwyth, Tregaron, Builth Wells, Llanidloes, Rhyl, Rhoslannerchrugog, Llanymawddwy, Blaenau Ffestiniog, Porthmadog and Trefdraeth on the night of 5 April 1891.

Methodology:

Time Dimensions: Cross-sectional (one-time) study
Sampling Procedures: Purposive selection/case studies
Number of Units: (A) 87285 (obtained) Individuals included in the sample
Method of Data Collection: Transcription of existing materials; transcribed from the Census Enumerators' Returns for 1891
Data Sources: 1891 Census Enumerators' Books, Public Record Office. Transcription was complete.

Language(s) of Written Materials:

Study Description: English
Study Documentation: English

Access:

Access Conditions: The depositor has specified that registration is required and standard conditions of use apply. The depositor may be informed about usage. See terms and conditions for further information.
Availability: History Data Service, UK Data Archive
Contact: Help desk: hds@essex.ac.uk

Date of First Release:

22 January 1999

Copyright:

Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies, National Library of Wales, University of Wales

File last updated:

4 January 2012